Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Campus of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2
Department of Agricultural Extension & Rural development, Campus of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3
Department of Agricultural Education and Extension, Campus of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Abstract
Purpose: In recent years, the owners of fertile land in the Mahidasht region of Kermanshah province have faced challenges in achieving sustainable development by renting their agricultural land to non-native people. Because the leased lands are often used to grow potatoes, this is the fact that 300 to 350 liters of water are used to produce each kg of potatoes, and this is not comparable to the income obtained. The problem becomes more complicated when this crop is cultivated in the lowest seasonal rainfall and abundant underground water resources are used. Therefore, this qualitative research aims to investigate the causes and consequences of the expansion of tenancy in the Mahidasht region.
Methods: In this study, the fault tree analysis technique (FTA) was used to investigate the reasons for the expansion of the tenancy phenomenon in the region. Also, the event analysis technique (ETA) was used to investigate the consequences of developing this exploitation system. Data were collected through unstructured in-depth individual interviews, focus groups, group discussions and direct observations.
Results: The results showed that the main reasons for creating motivation among farmers are mainly organizational, economic, individual, social and environmental management. Problems include adopting inappropriate agricultural policies, lack of proper government support for farmers, lack of capital and money to provide tools and inputs, lack of skills to carry out profitable crops, lack of storage and lack of cooperation and trust between local people. The aging of the farmers, the small size of the households, etc., have caused the owners to rent their land to non-native people. Also, developing the Cash-rent farming phenomenon has environmental and sociocultural consequences in the studied district. Environmental and sociocultural problems include: changing the soil structure and pattern, changes in the quality and quantity of water sources, the incidence of plant pests and diseases and increasing the migration from rustic to towns, causing social difficulties in rustic and raising the legal implications between landlord and tenant, respectively.
Conclusion: By identifying the causes and consequences of the expansion of the tenancy system and providing practical solutions, this study can lead to achievements for the rural development officials of the province in such a way that by adopting measures such as extensive training to the owners and introduction of new farming methods, providing credits and easing the loan obtaining, creating appropriate insurances, establishing a two-way and proper relationship between the university and Agriculture Jihad with farmers and gaining their trust, providing facilities and welfare health services for the villagers, persuading the owners to stay in the village and engage in the agricultural profession.
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