An Analysis of Rural Tourism Marketing Indicators (The Case of Quri Qaleh Village, Ravansar County)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran (Part-time Researcher at Kurdistan Studies Institute, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran)

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran

10.22034/jsrd.2024.446379.1182

Abstract

Purpose: Despite the paramount importance of tourism in achieving sustainable rural development, rural tourism has largely failed to achieve its goals. One of the most significant challenges of rural tourism is considering the marketing concept by policymakers and planners. Hence, the main goal of the current research is to investigate the status of rural tourism marketing components, conducted among tourists in Quri Qaleh village (Located in Ravansar County; Kermanshah Province).
Methods: This study is applied research in terms of methodology carried out by descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population consists of all the tourists of Quri Qaleh village, out of whom 150 are selected as a statistical sample. The main instrument for data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed. SPSS software is employed for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that among the indicators of rural tourism marketing, the calculated mean score for two indicators namely planning and management as well as promotion is significantly lower than the average with values of 1.618 and 2.39, respectively. On the contrary, the mean score of five indicators including people, place, physical evidence and facilities, price, and product is significantly higher than the average with values of 3.936, 3.784, 3.712, 3.68, and 3.55, respectively. The findings of comparing the status of rural tourism marketing indicators indicated that the three indicators of people, product, and place have the best status with the coefficient of variation of 0.065, 0.092, and 0.094, respectively. The results of the overall status of rural tourism marketing revealed that the calculated mean score, with a value of 3.175, is significantly higher than the base average.
Conclusion: The weakness of the two indicators including promotion as well as planning and management are the main obstacles to the development of rural tourism marketing, and implementation solutions have been presented to strengthen them.

Keywords


An, W., &Alarcón, S. (2021). From ethnography to segmentation for the description of the rural tourism market based on tourist experiences in Spain. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100549.
Andreopoulou, Z., Tsekouropoulos, G., Koliouska, C., &Koutroumanidis, T. (2014). Internet marketing for sustainable development and rural tourism. International journal of business information systems, 16(4), 446-461.
Badri, S. A., Hesam, M., &Cheraghi, M. (2014). An analysis of the factors impacting rural tourism marketing in a metropolitan rural area from the viewpoints of experts case study: northern part of the Tehran Metropolis. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 2(7), 82-105. (In Persian)
Dong, E., Wang, Y., Morais, D., & Brooks, D. (2013). Segmenting the rural tourism market: The case of Potter County, Pennsylvania, USA. Journal of vacation marketing, 19(2), 181-193.
General Department of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Kermanshah Province. (2022). Model tourism areas, Available at: https://kermanshah.mcth.ir. (In Persian)
Ghaderzadah, H., Dehghani, A., &Jamini, D. (2023). Rural elites; the causes of migration and attracting their participation in the process of rural development with thematic analysis approach (Case study: Kurdistan Province). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 12(4), 79-98. doi: 10.22067/jrrp.v12i4.2309-1087
Giray, F. H., Kadakoğlu, B., Çetin, F., &Bamoi, A. G. A. (2019). Rural tourism marketing: Lavender tourism in Turkey. Ciência Rural, 49(2): https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180651.
Grubor, A., Leković, K., &Tomić, S. (2019). Rural tourism marketing of the Danube region. Ekonomika, 65(4), 1-9.
Heidary, A. A., Rowshan, S. A., &Naderi, N. (2020). The effect of tourism marketing (local mixture and people) on the development of rural entrepreneurship in the Rijab region of Kermanshah Province. Journal of Rural Research, 10(4), 582-595. doi: 10.22059/jrur.2019.280936.1358. (In Persian)
Jamini, D. (2024). Identifying the most important rural tourism marketing strategy in Kurdistan Province. Tourism and Hospitality Marketing Research, 1(1). doi: 10.22080/tmhr.2024.26787.1004. (In Persian)
Jamini, D., &Dehghani, A. (2022). Evaluation and analysis of the resilience of rural tourism and identification of key drivers affecting it in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 11(4), 99-116. doi: 10.22067/jrrp.v11i4.2208.1056
Jamini, D., Dehghani, A., Atashbahar, R., &Rezaei, A. (2024). Locating religious tourism eco-camps in the west of Iran (case study: sample area of Weis Al-Qarn Tourism, Kermanshah Province, Iran). Spatial Planning, 14(1), 39-62. doi: 10.22108/sppl.2024.140186.1765. (In Persian)
Jamshidi, A., Jamini, D., Dehghani, A., BahmaniOramani, A., &Shirzadi, B. (2022). A measurement model for factors affecting rural tourism resilience using the structural equation modeling method (Case study: Shamshir tourist village in the west of Iran). Sustainable Rural Development, 6(2), 237-248.
Kastenholz, E., Eusébio, C., &Carneiro, M. J. (2018). Segmenting the rural tourist market by sustainable travel behavior: Insights from village visitors in Portugal. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 132-142.
Komasi, H., HashemkhaniZolfani, S., &Cavallaro, F. (2022). The COVID-19 pandemic and nature-based tourism, scenario planning approach (Case study of nature-based tourism in Iran). Sustainability, 14(7), 3954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073954.
Lwoga, N. B., &Maturo, E. (2020). Motivation-based segmentation of rural tourism market in African villages. Development Southern Africa, 37(5), 773-790.
Ma, D., Sun, D., & Wang, Z. (2024). Exploring the rural revitalization effect under the interaction of agro-tourism integration and tourism-driven poverty reduction: Empirical evidence for China. Land, 13(1), 60.
Mariam, K., Singh, M., Yaja, M., & Kumar, A. (2024). The negative perception of the local community towards tourism development. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 30(1), 15-25.
Mihailović, B., &Moric, I. (2012). The role of marketing philosophy in rural tourism development. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 18(2), 267-279.
MododiArkhodi, M., Ferdowsi, S., &Najafi, E. (2023). Factors affecting tourism marketing in rural areas (Rural areas of Qaenat county as a case study). Journal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development, (), -. doi: 10.22069/jead.2023.21802.1763. (In Persian)
Ramanauskienė, J., Ramanauskas, J., &Gargasas, A. (2006). Marketing solutions in rural tourism development in Lithuania. Ekonomika, 74, 38-51.
Rovira, M., Garay, L., Górriz-Mifsud, E., &Bonet, J. A. (2022). Territorial marketing based on non-wood forest products (NWFPS) to enhance sustainable tourism in rural areas: A literature review. Forests, 13(8), 1231.
Ruttanavisanon, W., &Agmapisarn, C. (2022). Religious tourism in Thailand review of Thai literature from 2012-2021. Social Science Asia, 8(1), 12-25. http://164.115.28.46/nrctejournal/content/index/164.
Sari, A. E., Haryono, G., &Yuliviona, R. (2024). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to measure competitive advantage in tourism village from supply tourism perspectives. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 3(01), 110-126.
Sheikhi, D., &Pazoki, M. (2017). Assessing and prioritizing the factors affecting rural tourism marketing using the marketing mix model (A case study: Jozan District, Malayer Township). Journal of Rural Research, 8(3), 488-501. doi: 10.22059/jrur.2017.63478. (In Persian)
Sheresheva, M. Y., Polukhina, A. N., &Oborin, M. S. (2020). Marketing issues of sustainable tourism development in Russian regions. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing (JTHSM), 6(1), 33-38.
Statistical Center of Iran. (2016). The results of the general population and housing census. Tehran. (In Persian).
Tong, J., Li, Y., & Yang, Y. (2024). System construction, tourism empowerment, and community participation: the sustainable way of rural tourism development. Sustainability, 16(1), 422.
Verma, V., Ahlawat, R., Ghai, M., & Bansal, S. (2024). Rural tourism in Himachal Pradesh in transition: Challenges for regional sustainability. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(1), 2024010-2024010.